Demineralisation is the first stage of tooth decay and shows up as a chalky white spot. Acids penetrate the enamel, which loses minerals, mainly calcium and phosphates. At the same time the pH in the mouth drops and the environment becomes acidic.
If demineralisation continues, the enamel eventually breaks away, an open cavity forms and decay reaches the dentine. White spots typically appear on the front surfaces of teeth after fixed braces are removed.
At this stage the process can still be reversed, so regular check-ups are worth it.
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